Description :
Uncaria gambir, the gambier or gambir, is a species in the genus Uncaria found in Southeast Asia, mainly Malaysia and Indonesia. Gambier is a climbing or straggling shrub, with square young stems bearing horizontal branches with recurved hooks (which are actually modified peduncles of the inflorescences) that help the plant cling on to supports. Gambier is harvested from the wild for local use and trade, mainly as a medicine and source of tannins. The resinous substance extracted from the leaves and young branches of gambier is crystallized and traded in small cubes or blocks. This is a rich source of tannins and can be used for preserving ropes and nets, and as a dye in the traditional batik industry and for dyeing silk black. Gambier extract or katha is used or has been used as a catechu for chewing with areca and betel, for tanning and dyeing, and as herbal medicine. Gambier extract was also used by native people in as a medical treatment / prevention for miasma (unhealthy smell). Gambier is said to be useful as an astringent and styptic. An infusion of the extract is given as a supportive treatment against diarrhoea and dysentery. This infusion is also used as a gargle for sore throats and inflamed gums. Externally It is applied in lotions for burns and in a paste for scurf (dry skin due to dandruff or fungal infections). External application also may help against sciatica and lumbago.
Applications of Uncaria Gambier Extract:
- Traditional Medicine: Historically, Uncaria Gambier extract has been used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects. Traditional uses include treating diarrhoea, mouth ulcers, wounds, and other ailments. The extract is also used as a remedy for digestive issues and to support overall gastrointestinal health.
- Tanning Industry: The high tannin content of Uncaria Gambier extract makes it valuable in the tanning industry. Tannins are used in the process of converting animal hides into leather, making them more durable and less susceptible to decomposition. The astringent properties of the extract help in producing high-quality leather with desired textures and finishes.
- Oral Health Products: Modern applications of Uncaria Gambier extract include its use in oral health products. Its antimicrobial and astringent properties make it effective in formulations for mouthwashes and toothpaste, helping to reduce oral bacteria, prevent cavities, and maintain overall oral hygiene.
- Cosmetics and Skincare: The antioxidant properties of Uncaria Gambier extract are harnessed in the cosmetics and skincare industry. It is used in various products to protect the skin from oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and promote skin healing. The extract is often included in formulations aimed at anti-aging and improving skin texture.
- Food and Beverage Industry: In the food and beverage industry, Uncaria Gambier extract is sometimes used as a natural preservative due to its antimicrobial properties. Additionally, it can be found in certain herbal teas and supplements that aim to provide antioxidant benefits and support digestive health.
- Potential Anti-Cancer Research: Emerging research suggests that Uncaria Gambier extract may have potential anti-cancer properties. Studies are exploring its ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and its role in supporting overall immune function. While this application is still under investigation, it highlights the ongoing interest in the extract’s health benefits.
